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FSL137H -- Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM)
August 2009
FSL137H Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM)
Features
Built-in 5ms Soft-Start Function Internal Avalanche Rugged 700V SenseFET Low Audio Noise High-Voltage Startup Fixed PWM Frequency at 100KHz Linearly Decreasing PWM Frequency to 18KHz Peak-Current-Mode Control Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limiting Leading-Edge Blanking (LEB) Synchronized Slope Compensation GATE Output Maximum Voltage Clamp (18V) Internal Open-loop Protection (OLP) VDD Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) VDD Over-Voltage Protection (OVP) Constant Power Limit (Full AC Input Range) Internal OTP Sensor with Hysteresis
Description
The highly integrated FSL137H consists of an integrated current mode Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) and an avalanche-rugged 700V SenseFET. It is specifically designed for high-performance offline Switch Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) with minimal external components. The integrated PWM controller features include a proprietary green-mode function that provides off-time modulation to linearly decrease the switching frequency at light-load conditions to minimize standby power consumption. To avoid acoustic noise problems, the minimum PWM frequency is set above 18KHz. The green-mode function enables the power supply to meet international power conservation requirements. With the internal high-voltage startup circuitry, the power loss due to bleeding resistors is also eliminated. To further reduce power consumption, the PWM controller is manufactured using the BiCMOS process, which allows an operating current of only 3.5mA. The FSL137H built-in synchronized slope compensation achieves stable peak-current-mode control. The proprietary external line compensation ensures constant output power limit over a wide AC input voltage range, from 90VAC to 264VAC. The FSL137H provides many protection functions. In addition to cycle-by-cycle current limiting, the internal open-loop protection circuit ensures safety when an open-loop or output short-circuit failure occurs. PWM output is disabled until VDD drops below the UVLO lower limit, when the controller starts up again. As long as VDD exceeds ~28V, the internal OVP circuit is triggered. Compared to a discrete MOSFET and controller or RCC switching converter solution, the FSL137H reduces total component count, design size, and weight while increasing efficiency, productivity, and system reliability. These devices provide a basic platform well suited for design of cost-effective flyback converters.
Applications
General-purpose switch-mode power supplies and flyback power converters, including: SMPS for VCR, SVR, STB, DVD & DVCD Player, Printer, Facsimile, & Scanner Adapter for Camcorder
Ordering Information
Part Number SenseFET
FSL137HNY 3.0A 700V
Operating Temperature Range
-40C to +105C
Eco Status
Green
Package
8-Pin Dual In-Line Package (DIP)
Packing Method
Tube
For Fairchild's definition of Eco Status, please visit: http://www.fairchildsemi.com/company/green/rohs_green.html
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FSL137H Rev. 1.0.0
www.fairchildsemi.com
FSL137H -- Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM)
Application Diagram
HV
Drain
VIN FB VDD GND
Figure 1. Typical Flyback Application
Output Power Table(1)
Product 230VAC 15% Adapter
(3) (2) (4)
85-265VAC Adapter
(3)
Open Frame
Open Frame
(4)
FSL137H 17.5W 25W 13W 19W Notes: 1. The maximum output power can be limited by junction temperature. 2. 230 VAC or 100/115 VAC with doublers. 3. Typical continuous power in a non-ventilated enclosed adapter with sufficient drain pattern as a heat sink, at TA=50C ambient. 4. Maximum practical continuous power in an open-frame design with sufficient drain pattern as a heat sink, at TA=50C ambient.
Internal Block Diagram
Figure 2. Internal Block Diagram
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FSL137H Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com
FSL137H -- Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM)
Pin Configuration 8
ZXYTT BH0X70 L137H TPM
1
F - Fairchild logo Z - Plant code X - 1-digit year code Y - 1-digit week code TT - 2-digit die run code T - Package type (N:DIP) P - Y: Green package M - Manufacture flow code
Figure 3. Pin Configuration
Pin Definitions
Pin #
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Name
GND VDD FB VIN HV Drain Drain Drain
Description
Ground. SenseFET source terminal on primary side and internal controller ground. Power Supply. The internal protection circuit disables PWM output as long as VDD exceeds the OVP trigger point. Feedback. The signal from the external compensation circuit is fed into this pin. The PWM duty cycle is determined in response to the signal on this pin and the internal current-sense signal. Line-Voltage Detection. The line-voltage detection is used for brownout protection with hysteresis and constant output power limit over universal AC input range. This pin has additional protections that are pull-HIGH latch and pull-low auto recovery, depending on the application. Startup. For startup, this pin is pulled HIGH to the line input or bulk capacitor via resistors. SenseFET Drain. High-voltage power SenseFET drain connection. SenseFET Drain. High-voltage power SenseFET drain connection. SenseFET Drain. High-voltage power SenseFET drain connection.
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FSL137H Rev. 1.0.0
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FSL137H -- Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM)
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Stresses exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. The device may not function or be operable above the recommended operating conditions and stressing the parts to these levels is not recommended. In addition, extended exposure to stresses above the recommended operating conditions may affect device reliability. The absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only.
Symbol
VDRAIN IDM EAS VVDD VFB VVIN VHV PD JA JC TJ TSTG TL ESD Drain Pin Voltage
(5, 6) (7)
Parameter
Drain Current Pulsed DC Supply Voltage FB Pin Input Voltage VIN Pin Input Voltage HV Pin Input Voltage Power Dissipation (TA50C) Junction-to-Air Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance Operating Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Wave Soldering or IR, 10 Seconds) Electrostatic Discharge Capability, All Pins Except HV Pin Human Body Model: JESD22-A114 Charged Device Model: JESD22-C101
Min.
Max.
700 12
Units
V A mJ V V V V W C/W C/W C C C kV
Single Pulsed Avalanche Energy
(8)
230 30 -0.3 -0.3 7.0 7.0 700 1.5 80 20 Internally Limited -55 +150 +260 4 1
Notes: 5. All voltage values, except differential voltages, are given with respect to the network ground terminal. 6. Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. 7. Non-repetitive rating: Pulse width is limited by maximum junction temperature. 8. L = 51mH, starting TJ = 25C.
Recommended Operating Conditions
The Recommended Operating Conditions table defines the conditions for actual device operation. Recommended operating conditions are specified to ensure optimal performance to the datasheet specifications. Fairchild does not recommend exceeding them or designing to Absolute Maximum Ratings.
Symbol
TA
Parameter
Operating Ambient Temperature
Conditions
Min.
-40
Typ.
Max.
+105
Unit
C
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FSL137H Rev. 1.0.0
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FSL137H -- Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM)
Electrical Characteristics
VDD=15V, TA=25C unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
SenseFET Section BVDSS
(9)
Parameter
Conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Drain- Source Breakdown Voltage
VDS = 700V, VGS = 0V VDS = 700V, VGS = 0V
700 0.5 1 4.00 315 47 9 11.2 34 28.2 32 50.0
V
IDSS RDS(ON) CISS COSS CRSS td(on) tr td(off) tf VDD Section VOP VDD-ON VDD-OFF IDD-ST IDD-OP IDD-BM IDD-OLP VTH-OLP VDD-OVP tD-VDDOVP HV Section IHV IHV-LC
Zero-Gate-Voltage Drain Current Drain-Source On-State Resistance Input Capacitance Output Capacitance Reverse Transfer Capacitance Turn-On Delay Time Rise Time Turn-Off Delay Time Fall Time
(10)
VDS = 560V, VGS = 0V, TA = 125C VGS = 10V, ID = 0.5A VGS = 0V, VDS = 25V, f = 1MHz VGS = 0V, VDS = 25V, f = 1MHz VGS = 0V, VDS = 25V, f = 1MHz VDS = 350V, ID = 1.0A VDS = 350V, ID = 1.0A VDS = 350V, ID = 1.0A VDS = 350V, ID = 1.0A
A 200 4.75 410 61 14 33.0 78 67.0 74 pF pF pF ns ns ns ns
Control Section Continuously Operating Voltage Start Threshold Voltage Minimum Operating Voltage Startup Current Operating Supply Current Green-Mode Operating Supply Current Internal Sink Current IDD-OLP Off Voltage VDD Over-Voltage Protection VDD Over-Voltage Protection Debounce Time HV 120VDC, VDD=0V with 10F HV=700V, VDD=VDD-OFF+1V Center Frequency 94 14 VDD=11V to 22V TA= -40 to +105C VDD-ON - 0.16V VDD=15V, VFB=3V VFB=VFB-G VTH-OLP+0.1V 30 5 27 75 3.0 3.5 2.5 60 6 28 130 90 7 29 200 11 7 12 8 22 13 9 30 4.0 V V V A mA mA A V V s
Maximum Current Drawn from HV Pin Leakage Current After Startup
1.5
3.5 1
5.0 20
mA
A
Oscillator Section fOSC fOSC-G DMAX fDV fDT Frequency in Nominal Mode Green-Mode Frequency Maximum Duty Cycle Frequency Variation vs. VDD Deviation Frequency Variation vs. Temperature (9) Deviation 100 18 85 5 5 106 22 kHz kHz % % %
Continued on the following page...
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FSL137H Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 5
FSL137H -- Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM)
Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
VDD=15V, TA=25C unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
VIN Section VIN-ON VIN-RL VIN-H tIN-H VIN-L AV ZFB VFB-OPEN VFB-OLP tD-OLP VFB-N VFB-G VFB-ZDC
Parameter
PWM Turn-on Threshold Voltage Release Latch Voltage Pull HIGH Latch Trigger Level Pull HIGH Latch Debounce Time Pull LOW Auto Recovery Trigger Level FB Voltage to Current-Sense Attenuation Input Impedance Output High Voltage FB Open-Loop Trigger Level Delay Time of FB Pin Open-loop Protection Green-Mode Entry FB Voltage Green-Mode Ending FB Voltage Zero Duty Cycle FB Voltage
PWM Frequency fOSC
Conditions
Min.
0.98 0.65 4.4 0.2
Typ.
1.03 0.70 4.7 100 0.3 1/4.0 9
Max.
1.08 0.75 5.0 0.4
Unit
V V V s V V/V k V
Feedback Input Section
5 4.4 50 2.3 4.6 56 2.5 VFB-N 0.1 1.9 2.1 2.3 4.8 59 2.7
V ms V V V
fOSC-G
VFB-ZDC VFB-G
VFB-N
VFB
Figure 4. VFB vs. PWM Frequency
Symbol
Current-Sense Section ILIM at VIN=1.2V ILIM at VIN=3.6V tSS TOTP
Parameter
Peak Current Limit Peak Current Limit Period during Soft Startup Time
(9)
Conditions
VIN=1.2V VIN=3.6V
Min.
Typ.
0.8 0.65
Max.
Unit
A A
4.5
5.0 142
5.5
ms C
Over-Temperature Protection Section (OTP) Protection Junction Temperature
(9, 11)
Notes: 9. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 10. Pulse test: pulse width 300s, duty 2%. 11. When activated, the output is disabled and the latch is turned off. 12. These parameters, although guaranteed, are tested in wafer process.
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FSL137H Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 6
FSL137H -- Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM)
Typical Characteristics
11.4 10.4 4 9.4 4.2
IDD-OP (mA)
IDD-ST (A)
8.4 7.4 6.4
3.8
3.6
3.4 5.4 4.4 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 3.2 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
T emperature ( )
T emperature ( )
Figure 5. IDD-ST vs. Temperature
Figure 6. IDD-OP vs. Temperature
12.3 12.1 11.9 11.7 11.5 11.3 11.1 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
8.1 8.05 8 7.95 7.9 7.85 7.8 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
T emperature ( )
V DD-OFF (V)
VDD-ON (V)
T emperature ( )
Figure 7. VDD-ON vs. Temperature
Figure 8. VDD-OFF vs. Temperature
7
28.4
6.5
28.2
6
V DD-OVP (V)
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
V TH-OLP (V)
28
5.5
27.8
5
27.6
4.5
27.4 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
T emperature ( )
T emperature ( )
Figure 9. VTH-OLP vs. Temperature
Figure 10.VDD-OVP vs. Temperature
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FSL137H Rev. 1.0.0
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FSL137H -- Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM)
Typical Characteristics
5 4.5 4 107
105
F OSC (KHz)
IHV (mA)
103
3.5 3 2.5 2 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
101
99
97 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
T emperature ( )
T emperature ( )
Figure 11.IHV vs. Temperature
Figure 12.fOSC vs. Temperature
20 19.5
1.08
1.06
F OSC-G (KHz)
19
V IN-ON (V)
1.04
18.5 18 17.5 17 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
1.02
1
0.98 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
T emperature ( )
T emperature ( )
Figure 13.fOSC-G vs. Temperature
Figure 14.VIN-ON vs. Temperature
0.74
5 4.9 4.8
0.72
V IN-RL (V)
VIN-H (V)
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
0.7
4.7 4.6
0.68
0.66
4.5 4.4 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
0.64
T emperature ( )
T emperature ( )
Figure 15.VIN-RL vs. Temperature
Figure 16.VIN-H vs. Temperature
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FSL137H Rev. 1.0.0
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FSL137H -- Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM)
Typical Characteristics
0.34 3
0.32
2.8
VIN-L (V)
0.3
V FB-N (V)
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
2.6
0.28
2.4
0.26
2.2
0.24
2 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
T emperature ( )
T emperature ( )
Figure 17.VIN-L vs. Temperature
Figure 18.VFB-N vs. Temperature
5
57
4.8
56
V FB-OLP (V)
4.6
tD-OLP (ms)
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
55
4.4
54
4.2
53
4
52 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
T emperature ( )
T emperature ( )
Figure 19.VFB-OLP vs. Temperature
Figure 20.tD-OLP vs. Temperature
2.6
2.2
2.4
2.15
IDD-BM (mA)
V FB-ZDC (V)
2.2
2.1
2
2.05
1.8
2
1.6 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
1.95 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
T emperature ( )
V DD (V)
Figure 21.VFB-ZDC vs. Temperature
Figure 22.IDD-BM vs. Temperature
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FSL137H Rev. 1.0.0
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FSL137H -- Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM)
Functional Description
Startup Operation
For startup, the HV pin is connected to the line input or bulk capacitor through the external resistor, RHV, as shown in Figure 23. Typical startup current drawn from the HV pin is 3.5mA and it charges the VDD capacitor through the resistor RHV. The startup current turns off when the VDD capacitor voltage reaches VDD-ON. The VDD capacitor maintains VDD until the auxiliary winding of the transformer provides the operating current.
Green-Mode Operation
The FSL137H uses feedback voltage (VFB) as an indicator of the output load and modulates the PWM frequency, as shown in Figure 25, such that the switching frequency decreases as load decreases. In heavy load conditions, the switching frequency is 100kHz. Once VFB decreases below VFB-N (2.5V), the PWM frequency starts to linearly decrease from 100kHz to 18kHz to reduce the switching losses. As VFB decreases below VFB-G (2.4V), the switching frequency is fixed at 18kHz and FSL137H enters into "deep" green mode to reduce the standby power consumption. As VFB decreases below VFB-ZDC (2.1V), FSL137H enters into burst-mode operation. When VFB drops below VFBZDC, FSL137H stops switching and the output voltage starts to drop, which causes the feedback voltage to rise. Once VFB rises above VFB-ZDC, switching resumes. Burst mode alternately enables and disables switching, thereby reducing switching loss to improve power saving, as shown in Figure 26.
Figure 23.Startup Circuit
Slope Compensation
FSL137H is designed for flyback power converters. The peak-current-mode control is used to optimize system performance. Slope compensation is added to stabilize the current loop. FSL137H inserts a synchronized, positively sloped ramp at each switching cycle.
Soft Start
The FSL137H has internal soft-start circuit that slowly increases the SenseFET current after startup. The typical soft-start time is 5ms during which the VLimit level is increased in six steps to smoothly establish the required output voltage, as shown in Figure 24. It also helps to prevent transformer saturation and reduce the stress on the secondary diode during startup. Figure 25. PWM Frequency
Figure 24.Soft-Start Function Figure 26.Burst Mode Operation
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FSL137H Rev. 1.0.0
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FSL137H -- Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM)
Constant Power Control
To limit the output power of the converter constantly, high/low line compensation is included. Sensing the converter input voltage through the VIN pin, the high/low line compensation function generates a relative peak-current-limit threshold voltage for constant power control, as shown in Figure 27.
VLimit
0.80
0.65
0.5
1.2
3.6 4.0
VIN
Figure 27.Constant Power Control
Protections
The FSL137H provides full protection functions to prevent the power supply and the load from being damaged. The protection features include: Latch/Auto Recovery Function The FSL137H provides additional protections by the VIN pin, such as pull-HIGH latch and pull-LOW auto recovery that depend on the application. As shown in Figure 28, when VIN is higher than 4.7V, FSL137H is latched until the VDD is discharged. FSL137H is in auto recovery when VIN is lower than 0.3V.
Figure 29.OLP Operation VDD Over-Voltage Protection (OVP) VDD over-voltage protection prevents IC damage caused by over voltage on the VDD pin. The OVP is triggered when VDD reaches 28V. It has a debounce time (typically 130s) to prevent false trigger by switching noise. Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) The SenseFET and the control IC are integrated, making it easier to detect the temperature of the SenseFET. When the temperature exceeds approximately 142C, thermal shutdown is activated.
Figure 28.VIN Pin Function Open-Loop / Overload Protection (OLP) When the upper branch of the voltage divider for the shunt regulator (KA431 shown) is broken, as shown in Figure 29, or over current or output short occurs. There is no current flowing through the opto-coupler transistor, which pulls up the feedback voltage to 6V. When the feedback voltage is above 4.6V for longer than 56ms, OLP is triggered. This protection is also triggered when the SMPS output drops below the nominal value longer than 56ms due to the overload condition.
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FSL137H Rev. 1.0.0
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FSL137H -- Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM)
Physical Dimensions
9.83 9.00
6.67 6.096
8.255 7.61
5.08 MAX
3.683 3.20
7.62
0.33 MIN (0.56) 2.54
3.60 3.00 0.56 0.355 1.65 1.27
7.62
0.356 0.20 9.957 7.87
NOTES: UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED A) THIS PACKAGE CONFORMS TO JEDEC MS-001 VARIATION BA B) ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. C) DIMENSIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE OF BURRS, MOLD FLASH, AND TIE BAR EXTRUSIONS. D) DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES PER ASME Y14.5M-1994 E) DRAWING FILENAME AND REVSION: MKT-N08FREV2.
Figure 30.8-Pin Dual In-Line Package (DIP)
Package drawings are provided as a service to customers considering Fairchild components. Drawings may change in any manner without notice. Please note the revision and/or date on the drawing and contact a Fairchild Semiconductor representative to verify or obtain the most recent revision. Package specifications do not expand the terms of Fairchild's worldwide terms and conditions, specifically the warranty therein, which covers Fairchild products. Always visit Fairchild Semiconductor's online packaging area for the most recent package drawings: http://www.fairchildsemi.com/packaging/.
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FSL137H Rev. 1.0.0
www.fairchildsemi.com 12
FSL137H -- Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM)
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FSL137H Rev. 1.0.0
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